Jane Arden and the Vanished Princess

In 2021, with the coronavirus still haunting people's thoughts, I went to just one very small comic book convention, I think. It actually happened in the driveway and garage of a comic book dealer and college professor. I bought only a few things, but I wanted to show this little treasure, a Better Little Book called Jane Arden and the Vanished Princess by Monte Barrett and Russell Ross (1938). It appears here at about original size.

The writer, Monte Barrett, was Percy Montgomery Barrett. Born on June 19, 1897, in Mitchell, Indiana, he was a journalist and novelist with historical novels and mysteries to his credit. He died on October 8, 1949, in New York City.

Jane Arden began in the comics on November 26, 1928. Frank Ellis was the original artist, but he was replaced by Russell E. Ross in 1933. Ross continued with the strip for twenty years. After appearing in movies and comic books, as well as having her own radio drama, Jane reached her end in 1968. This Better Little Book was just another one of her multimedia appearances--a word that of course didn't exist at the time.

Text copyright 2022 Terence E. Hanley

Buffleheads by J.N. "Ding" Darling

The bufflehead is one of my favorite species of duck. I wrote about buffleheads in 2019 and showed a piece of art by Mac Heaton (1925-2002), a wildlife artist who worked for a long time with the Indiana Department of Conservation. You can see that picture by clicking here. Now I have another picture of buffleheads, this one by Jay Norwood "Ding" Darling (1876-1962). (Those are ruddy ducks on the right.) Although he was better known as a political and editorial cartoonist, Darling was also a conservationist and wildlife artist. The J. N. "Ding" Darling National Wildlife Refuge on Sanibel Island, Florida, is named in his honor. The illustration below is from a full-page feature called "Don't Shoot These Ducks! Uncle Sam's Laws Protect Them," from the Sunday Des Moines Register, November 1, 1936.

Darling was born in Norwood, Michigan. His very slim connection to Indiana was by way of living in the Hoosier State for a brief time when he was young.

Text copyright 2022 Terence E. Hanley

His First Christmas by Worth Brehm (1883-1928)

"His First Christmas," a piece of advertising art by Indiana illustrator Worth Brehm (1883-1928). If you look closely, you will see Raggedy Ann and Andy, created by another Indiana artist, Johnny Gruelle (1880-1938), peaking out from under the Christmas tree.

Merry Christmas from Indiana Illustrators &

Hoosier Cartoonists!

Abe Martin in Verse

Last time I showed a poem about the Toonerville Trolley That Meets All Trains. This time I have a poem about Abe Martin, another cartoon creation by another adopted Hoosier, Kin Hubbard (1868-1930), originally of Bellefontaine, Ohio, later of Indianapolis and Brown County, Indiana. The poem is "Abe Martin," composed by James Whitcomb Riley (1949-1916) of Greenfield, Indiana, and illustrated by Will Vawter (1871-1941), yet another transplant to the Hoosier State. (He was born in West Virginia.) The images below are from Riley Songs of Friendship (1915).

Original text copyright 2022 Terence E. Hanley

Toonerville Trolley in Verse

"Toonerville Folks," also called "The Toonerville Trolley" or "The Toonerville Trolley That Meets All Trains," was a one-of-a-kind feature and one of the greatest of American newspaper comics, from their inception in the nineteenth century until today. Drawn by Fontaine Fox (1884-1964), it was read and loved by millions from early in its run until reaching the end of the line in 1955. Born near Louisville, Kentucky, Fox matriculated at Indiana University, and though he didn't complete his degree, Fox's vast collection is now at Lilly Library in Bloomington.

As a measure of the high regard in which Fox and his very funny and enduring creations were held, Don Marquis (1888-1937) composed a poem called "The Toonerville Trolley" and dedicated it to Fontaine Fox. From Cartoons Magazine, October 1916 (page 634):

Don Marquis had his own Indiana connection: he was married to actress and Indianapolis native Marjorie Vonnegut (1892-1936).

Original text copyright 2022 Terence E. Hanley

Harry A. Davis, Jr., in Traces Magazine

Harry Allen Davis, Jr., was a Hoosier artist. Born in Hillsboro, Indiana, on May 21, 1914, he grew up in Brownsburg and studied at Herron School of Art in Indianapolis. He received his bachelor of fine arts in 1938 and studied in Rome in 1938-1940. In 1942, Davis joined the U.S. Army and returned to Italy where he soon became a combat artist. He taught at Herron after the war, retiring in 1983. Davis was married to another artist, Lois Peterson. He died on February 9, 2006, at age ninety-one.

Early this year, Traces of Indiana and Midwestern History, the magazine of the Indiana Historical Society, featured Davis in a cover story entitled "Soldier and Artist: Harry A. Davis Jr. at War." The author is Ray E. Boomhower, editor of the magazine. You can read about Davis and see many of his paintings and drawings in the Winter 2022 issue of Traces.

Text copyright 2022 Terence E. Hanley

Gray Morrow in Funky Winkerbean

It isn't often that a Hoosier cartoonist is named in a present-day newspaper comic strip, but that happened this summer. Read on . . .

The first comic strip about comic strips was probably Sam's Strip by Mort Walker and Jerry Dumas, syndicated in the nation's newspapers from 1961 to 1963. They didn't have fancy words back then. Now we call them metacomics--comics about comics. Metacomics have become increasingly common. It's rare now that a week or a month goes by in the comics in which there isn't a reference made in a comic strip to another comic strip.

The comic strip Funky Winkerbean has been around for a long time. An Ohioan named Tom Batiuk puts his name to the strip, but I have a feeling that at least some of the continuities are the work of a ghostwriter. And I have a feeling that I talked to that ghostwriter one day on the mezzanine of a hotel in Columbus, Ohio.

A long time ago, I was a regular reader of Funky Winkerbean. That's when it was about high school students. At some point it made a giant leap into the present. Now those students are old. One of the characters in the current Funky Winkerbean is a cartoonist. This summer, there was a sequence in which that cartoonist reminisced about his tryout to succeed Harold Foster (1892-1982) on the Sunday adventure strip Prince Valiant. The search for a new artist really happened. That was in 1970. Real-life tryout artists were Gray Morrow (1934-2001), Wally Wood (1927-1981), and John Cullen Murphy (1919-2004). Murphy got the job and drew Prince Valiant from 1971 to 2004.

Gray Morrow was a Hoosier. Born on March 7, 1934, in Fort Wayne, Indiana, he enjoyed a long and varied career as a cartoonist, comic book artist, and illustrator. I like to think about how Prince Valiant would have looked had he become the regular artist. (Wally Wood, too.) There were other artists at that time who would have been well qualified to continue the adventures of Hal Foster's characters. The name John Severin (1921-2012) comes to mind.

In this summer's sequence, the cartoonist in Funky Winkerbean remembers his fictional (or perhaps only fictionalized) tryout for Prince Valiant and names the other artists who really did participate. The problem is that he misidentifies Gray Morrow as Gary Morrow. Funky Winkerbean is hand lettered, or appears to be. It may be that the letterer transposed two letters in Gray Morrow's name and turned him into Gary. It may be also that the scriptwriter made the error. In any case, if anybody should look out for cartoonists, it should be other cartoonists. In this case, that didn't happen. I don't know whether Tom Batiuk and his team ever issued a correction. And I guess there's a third possibility. See the caption below.

Funky Winkerbean by Tom Batiuk, July 19, 2022, a metacomic of a kind that mentions other cartoonists, Wally Wood, Gray Morrow--his name misspelled as Gary--and "a third artist whose last name started with 'M'," who was of course John Cullen Murphy. I sense that someone--either real or fictional--doesn't like very much that Murphy won the tryout and became the regular artist on Prince Valiant. Whatever the case may be, there's no reason why Morrow's name should be misspelled. Or maybe that's part of the gag, the fact that the cartoonist's memory is fading? I don't know. All I know is that I like and greatly admire Gray Morrow's work. He has been gone for some time now, but we shouldn't forget him. We should instead remember him and pay proper respect in remembering him.

Text copyright 2022 Terence E. Hanley

Historical Scenes by Fred C. Yohn (1875-1933)

Frederick Coffay Yohn (1875-1933) of Indianapolis specialized in historical scenes. I have shown his artwork before. Click on the label at the right to see more. The two scenes below are from a grade school textbook, The Beginnings of the American People and Nation by Mary G. Kelty (Ginn and Company, 1930). Other artists represented in this book include: Peter Hurd (1904-1984), C. Hoff, M. Zeno Diemer (1867-1939), Stanley M. Arthurs (1877-1950), Ernest Board (1877-1934), C.Y. Turner (1850-1919), Haskell Coffin (1878-1941), H.A. Ogden (1856-1936), Max Bohm (1868-1923), Howard E. Smith (1885-1970), and Rodney Thomson (1878-1941). There are also many nicely--though anonymously--made maps.

Text copyright 2022 Terence E. Hanley

Black Hoosier Cartoonists in Chicago

This year I added a unique and really interesting book to my library. The title is It's Life as I See It: Black Cartoonists in Chicago, 1940-1980. It was compiled and edited by Dan Nadel and includes essays by Charles Johnson and Ronald Wimberly. It's Life as I See It was published in conjunction with an exhibit called "Chicago Comics: 1960s to Now," held at the Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago, June 19 to October 3, 2021. Cartoonists represented in the book are:

• Tom Floyd (1929-2011)

• Richard "Grass" Green (1939-2002)

• Seitu Hayden (b. 1953)

• Jay Jackson (1908-1954)

• Charles Johnson (b. 1948)

• Yaoundé Olu (b. 1945)

• Turtel Onli (b. 1952)

• Jackie Ormes (1911-1985)

• Morrie Turner (1923-2014)

Of these nine cartoonists, three are or were from Indiana, Tom Floyd, Grass Green, and Seitu Hayden. I have written about Tom Floyd before, on February 12, 2021. You can read about him by clicking here.

Richard Lee (later Edward) "Grass" Green was born on May 7, 1939, in Fort Wayne, Indiana, to Noah and Retta (Knight) Green, both of whom were from Alabama. Grass Green was active in comic book fandom and in what fans call small press and independent press. One of his most well-known creations is a superhero called Xal-Kor the Human Cat. Green aspired to work for Marvel Comics but made it only as far as Charlton Comics (in the 1960s) and underground comics (in the 1970s). He continued working in the comics field throughout his too-brief life. It's Life as I See It reprints a previously unpublished comic book story called "Smoke Power," from the 1990s. Grass Green died on August 5, 2002, in his native city.

Seitu Hayden was born William Eric Hayden on September 11, 1953, in Fort Wayne. Mr. Hayden worked with Grass Green as early as 1969, inking Green's comic strip "Lost Family." He later took the name "Seitu," which means "artist" in Swahili.

"Smoke Power" by Richard "Grass" Green, an unpublished comic book story from the 1990s. Ironically, Grass Green died of lung cancer at age sixty-three.

Text copyright 2022 Terence E. Hanley

Dele Jegede in Encyclopedia of African Political Cartoonists

Born in 1945 in Ikere-Ekiti, Nigeria, artist, teacher, cartoonist, and art historian Dele Jegede studied art history at Indiana University in 1979-1983. From 2002 to 2005, he was a professor of art and head of the Department of Art at Indiana State University in Terre Haute.

For years it was hard to find anything about Dr. Jegede on the Internet, least of all images of his art. That has changed. There is a lengthy Wikipedia page on him. From that I have learned that in 2018, he was inducted into the Society of Nigerian Artists Hall of Fame. There is also an entry on Dele Jegede on the website Africa Cartoons: Encyclopedia of African Political Cartooning. Here is a link to the main page:

https://africacartoons.com/cartoonists/

And here is a link to the page on Dr. Jegede himself:

https://africacartoons.com/cartoonists/map/nigeria/jegede-dele/

Congratulations and best wishes to Dr. Jegede for the recognition he has received.

Copyright 2022 Terence E. Hanley

Evaline Ness (1911-1986)

Evaline Ness was born Evaline Michelow on April 24, 1911, in Union City, Ohio. Her father was Albert Michelow (1867-1932), a Swedish-born brickmason. Her mother was Myrtle W. (Carter) Michelow (1875-1958), a dressmaker born in Virginia. Evaline's parents were married in 1898 in North Carolina. They had four children, Rudolph, Eloise, Josephine, and Evaline, the youngest. Maybe the title character in Evaline's book Josefina February (1963), shown below, was named for her older sister.

The Michelow family lived in North Carolina, Virginia, and Ohio before settling in Pontiac, Michigan, when Evaline was a young child. She graduated from Pontiac Central High School in 1929. In 1930, at age eighteen, she lived with her parents in Pontiac and worked as a librarian at the city public library. In 1931-1932, she studied to be a librarian at Ball State Teachers College, now Ball State University, in Muncie, Indiana, thus her connection to the Hoosier State. While in Muncie, she was also a fashion model. After leaving Ball State, Evaline Michelow studied at the Chicago Art Institute from 1933 to 1935. She worked as a fashion illustrator throughout the 1930s.

Evaline Michelow was married five times and was known by her second husband's surname. Her first marriage was to a man named McAndrews. He seems to have disappeared from the public record. They were divorced sometime in the 1930s. Her second husband was Eliott Ness (1903-1957) of Untouchables fame, whom she met on a train traveling between Chicago and New York. Both were married at the time but got divorced soon enough, he just in time apparently to marry her. (Eliot Ness' divorce came in 1939 in Florida. He and Evaline were married in late October 1939.) The couple lived in Cleveland and Washington, D.C. They divorced in 1945 or 1946 or 1951, but she kept his name. There were three other husbands, last of whom was Arnold A. Bayard (1904-1988), an engineer and wine connoisseur. They had homes in New York and Florida. The two lie together--or at least they have headstones next to each other--at Snow Cemetery in Truro, Massachusetts. As you might guess, Evaline Ness was a free spirit. "I don't need a husband all the time," she said. And though children intrigued her and she wrote and illustrated books about them, she never had any of her own.

Evaline Ness was a fashion illustrator, magazine illustrator, commercial artist, painter, and children's book author and illustrator. Her first illustrations for a children's book were for Story of Ophelia by Mary J. Gibbons (1954). Other books which she illustrated include:

• The Bridge by Charlton Ogburn (1957)
• The Sherwood Ring by Elizabeth Marie Pope (1958)
• Island of the Blue Dolphins by Scott O'Dell (1960)
• Thistle and Thyme: Tales and Legends from Scotland by Sorche Nic Leodhas (1962)
• A Gift for Sula Sula by Evaline Ness (1963)
• Josefina February by Evaline Ness (1963)
• All in the Morning Early by Sorche Nic Leodhas (1963), a Caldecott Honor Book
• Exactly Alike by Evaline Ness (1964)
• Josie and the Snow by Helen E. Buckley (1964)
• A Pocketful of Cricket by Rebecca Caudill (1964), a Caldecott Honor Book
• The Princess and the Lion by Elizabeth Coatsworth (1964)
• A Double Discovery by Evaline Ness (1965)
• Tom Tit Tot: An English Folk Tale retold by Virginia Haviland (1965), a Caldecott Honor Book
• Favorite Fairy Tales Told in Italy by Virginia Haviland (1965)
• Sam, Bangs and Moonshine by Evaline Ness (1966), for which she won a Caldecott Medal
• Books by Lloyd Alexander, including:
• The Book of Three (1964)
• The Black Cauldron (1965)
• The Castle of Llyr (1965)
• Coll and His White Pig (1965)
• Isle of Mona (1966)
• Taran Wanderer (1967)
• The Truthful Harp (1967)
• The High King (1968)
• Mr. Miacca, an English Folktale by Evaline Ness (1967)
• The Girl and the Goatherd by Evaline Ness (1970)
• Some of the Days of Everett Anderson by Lucille Clifton (1971)
• Everett Anderson's Christmas Coming by Lucille Clifton (1971)
• Amelia Mixed the Mustard and Other Poems (1975)
• Four Rooms from the Metropolitan Museum of Art to Cut Out and Color by Evaline Ness (1977)

The list above is by no means complete.

Evaline Ness had an extraordinary run from 1963 to 1966 during which she won three Caldecott Honors and a Caldecott Medal. She is tied for seventh among winners of the most Caldecott awards.

By 1979, when the Palm Beach Post published a profile of her (Apr. 5, 1979), Evaline was tired of illustrating. Her last book was The Hand-Me-Down Doll by Steven Kroll (1983). Evaline Ness died on August 12, 1986, in Kingston, New York. Her remains were cremated and her ashes scattered. The stone at Snow Cemetery may be only for old time's sake.

Evaline Michelow Ness (1911-1986), her high school yearbook photograph, 1929.

Backdated to February 2, 2022.

Text copyright 2022 Terence E. Hanley

Recent Book on Cartoon Censorship

Today is what I call the International Day of the Cartoonist, meant to honor and remember the cartoonists Wolinski, Cabu, Honoré, Tignous, and Charb, all killed by Islamic terrorists in Paris on this date in 2015. Although Hoosier cartoonists have not faced anything like that, we have had in the past few months an attempt at censorship against one of them, Ken Avidor of Indianapolis. Mr. Avidor's offense against political orthodoxy involves his animated cartoon Unjabbed. Those in power cannot tolerate dissent or difference of opinion, and so Mr. Avidor's cartoon has been censored. The last we heard, Ken Avidor is working on the second episode of Unjabbed.

MIT Press recently published a book on the topic of cartoonists and censorship, Red Lines: Political Cartoons and the Struggle against Censorship. The authors are Cherian George of Hong Kong Baptist University and Sonny Liew, an independent artist based in Singapore. Not surprisingly, there have been attempts to censor or suppress the book, or to categorize it, more or less, as politically unacceptable. See for example "Red Lines’ clumsy attempt to decry cartoon censorship ends up defending bigotry" by Caitlin Rosberg on the website The A.V. Club, dated September 7, 2021, here. The point of Caitlin Rosberg's article or review seems to be: "You should not read this book." Or, perhaps: "The authors of this book should be silenced," a curious and ironic conclusion on a book about censorship.

Backdated to January 7, 2022.

Copyright 2022 Terence E. Hanley